Other Cosmic Quandaries Essay Example for Free

new(prenominal) Cosmic Quandaries EssayEven readers with no prior experience with theoretical physics, cosmology, or astronomy, leave behind find Death by Black Hole and Other Cosmic Quandaries (2007) by Neil deGrasse Tyson, very accessible. In fact, it may very well be the precedent starter manual both for aspiring cosmologists and non-specialist readers who are curious about the history and ultimate destiny of the universe. The vast majority of cosmology defends are juiceless and overly laden with mathematical equations and technical jargon.While such information is very useful for specialists, it would instantly put off a non-scientific listening. Tyson, on the opposite hand, keeps his presentation engaging and fun by introducing each topic clearly and concisely, successfully simplifying complex astronomical concepts and making them easy to understand. On the subject of shadowy holes, he helps us understand them by asking us to visualize certain phenomena with each of our senses. He also uses funny analogies and examples to explain physical principles.First, in seeking to prove that the laws of physics are universal, he suggests the use of science as a sort of universal Esperanto in gaining the peaceful acquaintance of unknown quantity cultures You dont even know whether shaking their hands if indeed they have hands to shake would be considered an act of war or of peace. Your outmatch hope is to find a way to communicate using the language of science(p. 33). A few pages later, he proves the universality of physics by club a hot cocoa in a dessert shop in Pasadena, California.He ordered whipped cream with his drink, however, the chocolate mix did not take the stand any evidence of it, in spite of the waiters assertions to the contrary Since whipped cream has a very low density and floats on all liquids that macrocosm consume, I offered the waiter two possible explanations either somebody forgot to add the whipped cream to my hot cocoa or t he universal laws of physics were different in this restaurant(p. 37). If the latter explanation was correct, perhaps said dessert shop could become a tourist site where patrons can hurriedly dine on entrees that disappear at random intervals.To introduce concepts such as x-rays, he cites popular shows such as Superman and Star Trek to give the audience a familiar point of reference. However, the most interesting part of the book was chapter 23, when he used the childrens classic Goldilocks and the Three Planets to compare the habitability of Venus, globe and Mars. Who knew one could compare planets to porridge? Once upon a time, some four billion years ago, the formation of the solar system was nearly complete. And among the dozens of planets that had formed, some were on unstable orbits and crashed into the sun or Jupiter. Others were ejected from the solar system altogether. In the end, the few that remained had orbits that were just right to survive billions of years (p. 207-8 ). Of course Venus was much overly hot with its oppressive atmosphere of carbon dioxide with an atmospheric pressure 90 times that of the earth. Even though it has a reputation for being the planet of love, the modality is most reminiscent of Hell.Mars, on the other hand, is much too cold. Even though at that place is water at the poles, the average surface temperatures are on par with the Antarcticsometimes it can get even worse than that. Earth is just right because of its distance from the sun, a wide range of inhabitable areas (for a wide variety of species), and enough water to sustain them. Another enjoyable chapter was Hollywood Night, which highlighted many of the myths and misconceptions the film industry uses to entertain people. Overall, the book was lively and engrossing.Placing his work in the context of Galileo, James Joule, Jacob Cornelius Kapteyn, and Pierre-Simon Laplace, he brings the excitement of new discoveries closer to us. It is almost as though we are the re with the keen scientists of the time. After one semester of Astronomy, I was already familiar with most concepts Tyson introduces and could therefore very easily follow his arguments. The outline of the book was comparable to many philosophers because he would pose a question at the beginning of the chapter and try to present a compelling argument for each region.The only part that merits criticism is chapter five, which in my opinion is redundant. There are many experiments a reader can carry out with a stick and a patch of mud to survey time and the position of the sun, but the chapter does not introduce any new information or arguments. While Tyson successfully manages to infuse humor, unfortunately, the jokes tend to repeat and appear in different chapters. For example, he twice mentions that if the sun were yellow, snow would also be yellow whether or not it fell near fire hydrants. Recently, there has been much discussion among many scientists and philosophers that myst icism and empiricism are not as separate as most people seem to think. The concluding section of Tysons book gives a strong and coherent description of the relationship between religion and science. Ultimately, Tyson concludes that there is no such relationship. In the future, I am looking forward to learning much more about life, the universe, and everything, but this is a good start for now. References Tyson, N. D. (2007). Death by Black Hole And Other Cosmic Quandaries. NY W. W. Norton.

Does Democracy Ensure Free

Does Democracy Ensure Freedom EssayDoes state ensure freedom? I believe democracy digest ensure freedom, but not always, so my answer is maybe. For democracy is a form of government that rely on a dodge of statutoryity in which individuals are treated equ all in ally while having fair access to the legislative process through electing official who will act in their grammatical constituents interest and voice their concern. Through proper protection with legislation, individuals freedom can be ensured. Yet the nature of democracy favour majority thus it is possible for politician to cater to the mass to secure voter turnout and have access to the seats of power. Democracy is unable to act if the votes are tied, such deformity can leads to politician abuse their power tilting the result either way to further his own goal. If elected official no farseeinger voice the people yet game the system by continue to appease the majority, minority right and freedom can not be en sured. Government ultimately documentary is to govern the people for the betterment of people, thus democracy reflects the need for it is form of government allowing peoples voice being heard through the elected officials. Each voters vote count and the majority trumps.Elected official then go on legislate laws that regulation that resolves the populations concern. Such fair access to the legislative process and par before law ensure the population to be protected, the law are made by them and for them, protecting their freedom and rights. save democracy also abide by majorities rule. It is possible for 49% of population to lose out simply because of the 2% difference. Yet if rights are cemented fully protected via charters, even minorities can escape such tyranny. Unfortunately, elected officials can not always complete reflect the desire of the entire population.They are at best incomplete projection if not provide to special interest or simply the mass for the system favours the majorities, and once tied vote occurs. The decision will lie solely on those in power. For few individuals to be able make decision that influence a nation, such power can be attractive if not lucrative, for in that location is agent and it is not hard to imagine such corruption taking place. Once a politician is no longer serveing the voter but himself, without proper total and balance for the government to self correct such mistake.It is to picture minorities right and freedom being sacrificed for the devalued official to stay in power. The key all hinges on the soundness of verbalise countrys legal system, if a government official have the power to alter laws, taking away(predicate) rights and freedom as he pleases. The freedom can not be ensured. Yet, with a proper procedural fair legislative system, the inbuilt checks and balance will stop said corrupted official overstepping his position. The electoral system will kick in which official will be replaced if they do no t deliver what is expected off them.With a solid charter of rights, even minoritys innate rights and freedom can be protected against majorities for the inalienable rights protect each of us and allow us to hold open the dignity we all possess. Freedom is the concept that verges upon the condition in which individual live their life accord to their free will. For they make their own choices without facing disqualifying condition nor the pressure of simply fulfilling the basic necessities of life. We choose how we present ourselves to the world and how we communicate our idea and thoughts.We decide on how to live our life, from our goal to our means of achieving said goals. Yet these seemly innate right are in fact fragile and vulnerable. The nature of government impose rules and regulation with our daily life. Our freedom is further conditional, for we can only exercise our right and freedom to a certain extent. As matter of fact, our right and freedom can be taken away by the sa me law that protect our rights and freedom. But that is the truth of reality, freedom without bound is impossible. The physicality of reality impose restriction, scarcity of recourse and mortality of men. acculturation dictates rules from punishment of crimes to shame and guilt through morality. Thus government, a form of rule, can not truly ensure freedom for its conditional and with limits. Men has long realize such limitation, yet we still yearns for such notion for we are driven by our free will and we seek create such system for we are protected from not just each others but ourselves own infringement of rights and freedom. Democracy is still our best attempt at this unrealistic dream, the onward motion is simple, for a system of law made by people for people. We strive to effectively govern ourselves and keep our right and freedom.It is understandable to treat the question does democracy ensures freedom ? in an bifurcate manner. It is easy to state the fact that democracy is simply mob rules thus two wolves can vote having the sheep for dinner against the matchless lone sheeps objection. Yet it seems silly to categorize a whole countrys population into a predator/prey relationship, not to mention having a sound legal system in which inalienable rights of gay beings are guaranteed can indeed prevent the two wolves ganging up on the sheep, minorities can still be sufficiently protected by law if the charter of rights allows.Further more, freedom can only be secure via proper system of law that protect human right and freedom, types of government should not be the deciding matter for ensuring freedom. As the above paragraphs have shown, democracy either ensure nor deny freedom, while there is no confessedly freedom under any form of government for by definition of government, restriction and restraints are naturely imposed upon individuals. I still calculate limited conditional freedom preferable to none for my inalienable right are protected even aga inst the tyranny of majorities for this rights are inalienable.While democracy can allow favour toward the majorities and official in position of power, with proper checks and power established within the government, such issue can be self corrected. But without the legal safenet, minorities can easily been swapped up by politicians agenda and sacrificed to the tyranny of majorities. As a partying thought, if no form of government can achieve true freedom, what is the future of democracy with our society?

Research Methods for Consumer Buying Behaviour Research

look into Methods for Consumer Buying Behaviour ResearchResearch MethodResearch methodological digestEverywhere, our knowledge is incomplete and problems be waiting to be solved. We address the void in our knowledge and those unresolved problems by asking applicable querys and seeking answers to them. The fiber of look is to provide a method for developing those answers by inquiringly studying the evidence within the parameters of the scientific method.http//www.geocities.com/Athens/3238/page3-15.htmResearch means finding divulge things in a systematic way in order to increase knowledge. In any query cardinal phrases be important, first is the systematic search that is based on logical relationship and non just beliefs (Ghauri et al., 1995). The second phrase is to find turn out the answer of the interrogation. It includes describing, understanding, criticizing, analyzing and explaining. (Ghauri et al., 1995) (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. 2000) (pg 1-2) .thitherfore in simple lecture inquiry fucking be expressed as number of similar and related activities involving unneurotic in search of instruction. It is as well found that many generation we go through a question or a problem to resolve. The main drive of enquiry is to collect adapted instruction or selective information relevant to the look for topic to get the clear picture and proper understanding in order to accomplish the research goal. But it is thought that we have the answers to those questions view that the answer is obvious, commonsense, but until we have playing fielded our problem to rigorous scientific scrutiny, our knowledge remains little more than guesswork or at best, intuition. http//www.chssc.salford.ac.uk/healthSci/rem99/resmeth/chap1.htmThough the meaning of research is to find out answers for question but research can also be carried out in particular subjects. As a way out research in marketing is the systematic and objective identificatio n, collection, analysis, and dissemination of information for improving decision making related to the identification and solution of problems and opportunities in marketing.There are different approaches to carry out the research. It truly opines upon the tec which method to choose. It is also necessary to explain why a particular method is macrocosm chosen. However the actor has foc utilise on the levels of maintaining brand loyalty toward telecom service provider with respect to the competitors offers. To carry out this research the author has serene the primary as well as secondary information. Comparison of the primary and the secondary entropy give help the author for the definition leading to the conclusion and recommendation for the research topic.Research ApproachResearch can be carried out by using two types. One is the inductive research and the other is Deductive research.Inductive researchInductive research is a study in which theory is developed from observa tion of empirical candor thus general inferences are induced from particular instances, which is the reverse of deductive method.( Hussey Hussey, 1997, pg 13). In inductive research the data is smooth and after that the theory and the supposition are defined and formulated. The inductive approach can also be helpful in coming up with new ideas, theories and hypothesis. It is also feasible that the results of inductive research may not be hundred percent true as they are d maven through empirical observation. Inductive research is also known as theory generating as it done through specific observations to broader generalizations.Deductive approachAccording to Hussey Hussey, 1997, pg 13, deductive research is Deductive research is a study in which conceptual and theoretical structure is developed and then tested by empirical observation thus particular instances are deduced from general inferences. The deductive method is referred to as moving from the general to the particular. In deductive approach the theory or hypothesis are worn-out and the research is carried out to support or test the hypothesis. The deductive research draws conclusion through logical reasoning. Robson (199319) lists five sequential stages through which deductive research will progressDeducing a hypothesis from the theory In this stage the relationship between the two variables can be defined and later tested.Expressing the hypothesis in operational terms, which propose a relationship between two specific variables In this stage the two variables can be defined to be measured. How the two variables relate to all(prenominal) other and how they would affect each other if any changes are made.Testing this operational hypothesis In this stage one can involve experiment or some other form research method to test the relationship between two variables.Examining the specific impression of the inquiry In this stage the result of the research would be verified according to the hypothesis so that to see whether the result support the hypothesis or not.If necessary, modifying the theory in the light of the findings In this stage, if the results suggest that there should be justified then the theory take to be modified or altered. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2000) (pg 85 87)The author has decided to carry out the mixed approach that is the inductive and deductive method in order to carry out the research on whether customer are able to maintain band loyalty towards their mobile service provider and originate and analyze the indwelling facts required to fulfil the research objectiveThe research figure builds on clear and concise understanding of research topic. A clear and concise statement of research purposes is absolutely essential for doing good whole tone research. The important idea of a research design is that all of its components must fit with each other or go together with each other in a logical manner. There are various methods to collec t data. But which method the researcher should adopt will depend upon the nature of the research and various other factors. The method chosen should able to derive sufficient information to answer the research question. It should also be rock-steady, accurate. information collectionThere are various methods that can be officed for collection of data. In research data collection methods may vary greatly in the amount of time and money required and in complexity. The best method is one that provide the relevant and sufficient information that is needed and not necessarily the one which is fastest, cheapest and easiest. In many effects it is also possible to use more then one type of data collection method to take hold data on the same research topic. Sources of data can be put into the two general categories of being either primary or secondary.Research methods can be classified in various ways. However one of the most common methods are qualitative and duodecimal research methods .Quantitative researchThe quantitative research is more easily defined as the collection of numerical and statistical data. a quantitative approach involves collecting and analyzing numerical data and applying statistical testsa qualitative approach, which is more subjective in nature and involves examining and reflecting on perceptions in order to gain an understanding of social and human activities. (Hussey Hussey, 1997, pg 12).The aim of quantitative methods is to determine whether the predictive overview of a theory hold true. Quantitative designs of research tend to produce results that can be generalised. The important features that are associated with quantitative research are Objectivity, deductive ness, generalisability and numbers. It can also be said that quantitative research is concerned with numbers and measurement, rather than words, in the collection and analysis of data. Charts and graphs demonstrates the results of the research, the researchers commonly employ wor ds such(prenominal) as variables, populations and result as part of their expressions Quantitative research usually seeks to establish causal relationships between two or more variables, using statistical methods to test the strength and significance of the relationship. Quantitative methods include experiment, take afters, and questionnaire for data collection.Qualitative researchPreissle (2002) confirms that qualitative research is a loosely defined category of research designs or models, all of which elicit verbal, visual, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory data in the form of descriptive narratives like field notes, recordings, or other transcriptions from audio and videotapes and other written records and pictures or films.(Web 14)http//www.roboneill.co.uk/papers/research_methods.pdfQualitative research is conducted in a natural setting and involves a process of construction a complex and holistic picture of the phenomenon of interest. Qualitative research is concerned with no statistical methods of inquiry and analysis of social phenomena. Qualitative Research is collecting, analyzing, and see data by observing what people do and say. Qualitative research is more subjective and deals in words, images. Qualitative research methods are observation, in-depth querys or the case study. Therefore in some cases the researcher can also take an active part piece interacting with participants. This helps the researcher to get in-depth views and knowledge from participants.Research is carried out with some or the other aim. Thus research is important to answer the questions and draw conclusion. Therefore to achieve the aim of the research it is crucial to choose the go down research approach and correct research method. As a result the author has made an effort to collect the primary as well as secondary data from the reliable and relevant seeds in order to achieve the final results of the study.Collecting and using primary dataPrimary data is collected with a specific purpose or some reason. It is collected especially when the researcher cannot find the relevant data or enough data in the secondary sources. Primary data is also known as grey literature they are the first occurrence of piece of work. They include published sources such as reports and some central and local publications such as white papers and planning documents. They also include unpublished manuscripts sources such as letters, memos and commissioning minutes that may be analyzed as data in their own right. (Saunders, Lewis Thornhill, 2003, p52).In many cases primary data is the first pass by data that is directly collected from the field survey and thus it is really important for the respondent to understand the aim of the research. This helps the respondent to answer the questions the from the researchers view and not from their personal thinking.There are various types to collect primary data. Every type is advantageous and disadvantageous in its own way. The su rvival is also highly influenced by the availability of time and money. The basic methods are observations, reference, questionnaire survey, focus group interview, and case study.After the proper and complete understanding of each and every method the author had decided to obtain the primary data by using questionnaire survey and interviews to carry out the research. The method selected by the author is the mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative method. The main reason to use mixed approach is that qualitative method of approach is process-oriented, real, subjective and descriptive where as quantitative method of approach is objective and mainly outcome oriented. The use of multi methods or triangulation is adopted so that the weakness of one method is offset by the other and to ascertain whether the findings of each method achieve the same results or conclusions which will greater validity and reliability. The questionnaire surveyQuestionnaire is one of the simple and wide ly used methods for collecting primary data. In questionnaire technique each respondent is asked same set of questions and thus it provides an efficient way of collecting response from a great sample prior to quantitative analysis. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 1997)(pg 244). Thus it can be understood that questionnaire is a set of the question given to the respondent. The questions are in planned format and the respondents are asked to take up in the answers. There are various advantages in using the questionnaire technique as it is cost effective, less time down and efficient. Questionnaire is one the most familiar method for data collection so the researcher doesnt have to sit and spend time in explaining how to fill them. It also wont crystalize the respondent nervous. The clear and simple questionnaire can also be filled in by the respondent without the comportment of the researcher. Therefore the respondent will be honest and researchers own opinions will not influence the respondent to answer questions in a certain way.There are also certain disadvantages of using questionnaire method. It is very difficult to design the questionnaire. In many cases the researcher is not present while filling in the questionnaire thus it is not possible to give any assistance. The questions in the questionnaire have to be very simple. The response rate is also small-scale many times. Many times it is difficult to find a consumer group who are co operative to answer the question.The main purpose of using the questionnaire survey was to obtain as much as information possible on customers brand loyalty towards their mobile service provider. The questionnaire survey was intended to acquire the information from the customers using the mobile service. In terms of design and layout of the questionnaire was kept very simple. The questions framed were very clear, simple and easy to understand by the respondent. The length of the questionnaire was also kept s hort keeping in mind that the respondent may not be bored or tired. This may hinder the final results of the research.The questionnaire was the junto of open ended and close ended questions, which will use the rating scale technique from 1 to 5. In which 1 represented the highly satisfactory customer, 2 represented the satisfied customer, three represented the moderate customer. 4 represented dissatisfied customer, 5 represented highly dissatisfied customer. The questionnaire was self administered and researcher administered. The author had chosen the option of delivering and collecting the questionnaire. With the help of the supportive consumer group the author had achieved 90% of the response rate from the customer and tried to maintain the silence of the data collected.Pilot testingBefore using the questionnaire on the main sample the fly testing of the questionnaire was carried out. It is important to obtain information by pilot testing the questionnaire on individual simila r to those who will be asked to complete the questionnaire. The purpose of pilot testing is to refine t questionnaire so that the respondent will have no problem in answering the questions and there will be no problems in recording the data. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2003)(pg 308). This will help the researcher to run the necessary changes in the questionnaire before giving it to the actual sample. Pilot testing helps to assess the questions, validity and reliability of the data collected.After the completion of designing and outline of questionnaire it was circulated between the MBA students at UWIC. Some of these students were topically working in a company. As a result the author received a response on the clarity, sequencing and inter relation of the questions. This response facilitated the author to make the necessary alteration in the questionnaire.InterviewsAn interview is a purposeful discussion between two or more people. In this one the person is the r esearcher. Making use of the interview method can be helpful help to gather valid and reliable data that are relevant to the research question and objective. There are three categories of interview each category has its own advantages and disadvantages.Structured interviewUnstructed interviewSemi structured interviewThe first is the structured interview in which the researcher has a list of question in a predetermined manner. They are focused and prcised there fore more data can be collected. These are informal interview. The second is the unstructured interview in such type of interview there are no predetermined questions. The conversation between the respondent and researcher is quite general but the researcher needs to have a clear idea about the aspects that he has to explore. The interviewee is given an opportunity to speak on the research topic this type of interview is called as non directive. As there are no set of questions that are prepared it takes lot of time to gather sufficient information. But in such interview the interviewee feels at ease and does not realise that he is being interviewed. There are also some honorable issues that may prevent to make use of such interview especially for research projects.The third category is the semi structured interview. In such interview there are the list of topics and question to be covered by the researcher. The researcher may also vary the order of the question as per the situation and flow of the conversation. Additional question can also be asked related to the research topic in order to gain the in depth knowledge. It is more flexible. The response rate is also higher. It is a time-consuming method and also requires more time to analyse them.Therefore the author has decided to make use of the semi structured interview in order to gain the in depth knowledge and achieve the research objective.Secondary dataSecondary data is the data that readily uncommitted. Secondary data is data that is neither col lected directly by the user nor specifically for the user, often under conditions not known to the user. Secondary data is a source such as books and journals are designed either to help to locate primary literature. These publications are aimed at wider audiences. They are easier to locate than primary data. (Saunders, Lewis, Thornhill, 2003, p52). It is the information that has already been collected for some other purposes by some one else. It may be available from inner sources, or may have been collected and published by another organization. It is basically gathered before the primary data as to find out what is already known about the subject matter before starting the own research. In many cases the researcher prefers using the secondary data instead of carrying out the primary research.There are advantages as well as disadvantages of using secondary data. Secondary data is available quickly, easily and cheaply. It provides the researcher in determining the direction for pri mary data collection. It is flexible and provides great variety to the researcher.The disadvantages of secondary data are as follows. It is difficult to rely on secondary data in terms of quality and accuracy of the data. As the gathered may be long time back hence it may not be valid in current situation. The data readily available may not be related to the research question or may not available in sufficient quantity. There are three types of secondary data1. Documentary.Organizational records, communications and web sites reports of committees media accounts (newspaper articles) TV and video recordings Internet sources2. Multiple sources. (different data sets combined)Country or sector reports industry statistics3. Survey data.Government surveys and censuses (continuous) surveys by international bodies. (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 1997) (pg 190)There are other types of secondary data available such as books, journals, newspaper, articles, and internet. In order to make the research more effective the author has gone through various books, journals, articles, and internet. The combination of primary and secondary data has been collected to obtain answer to the research question more efficiently.Reliability and ValidityIn order to reduce the possibilities of getting the answer wrong attention has to be gainful on two important factors in research design reliability and validity. These two factors are dependent on one another. Reliability is required to make statements about validity. Reliability of the research means the extent to which the instrument would yield the same result if used in the other occasion. Validity applies to both the design and the methods of research it is an indication of how sound the research is. Validity is concerned with whether the findings are really about what they appear to be about (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2003) (pg 101).Validity in data collection means that the findings truly represent the phenomenon that the researcher is claiming to measure. Research can be abnormal by different kinds of factors that irrelevant to the concern of the research, can rescind the findings (Seliger Shohamy 1989, 95). Findings can be said to be internally invalid because they may have been affected by factors other than those thought to have caused them, or because the interpretation of the data by the researcher is not clearly supportable (Seliger Shohamy 1989, 95). Findings can be externally invalid because they cannot be extended or applied to contexts distant those in which the research took place. (Seliger Shohamy 1989, 95). Therefore the author has taken proper care while making the selection of the sample as well as the research planning. The information acquired is also from the reliable and valid sources. The incomplete questionnaires were also discarded to avoid the effects on final results.Ethical issuesThere were certain ethical issues that the author had to face through out the research. Ethics in research is mainly the appropriateness of your behavior in relation to the right of those who become the subject of your work, or are affected by it (Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A., 2003)(pg 129). Therefore the ethical issue has to be taken the special care as they remain sensitive and had a stir on the research work as well as the respondent.While carrying out the survey the companies were assured that this research work is truly for educational purpose and wouldnt be revealed any where else. Therefore special care was taken by the author to maintain the privacy for the data collected so that it is not been misused by anyone else for any other purpose.For primary datahttp//members.tripod.com/mccurtain_2/genietips/tip15.htmlhttp//misnt.indstate.edu/wilhelm/ASBE%20336/336%20Primary%20Data.ppthttp//www.jica.go.jp/english/evaluation/guides/pdf/ref_ma_005.pdfConsumer acquire behaviourA buyers decision are also influenced by personal characterist ic such as the buyer age and life cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, and personality and self concept. There are various internal factors, external factors and marketing factors which motivates the customers in their decision making process. Some of the important factors are mentioned belowCompetitive price a proceeds with a matched price often attracts customers. Customers are willing to pay a certain amount for a specific product. If the price ranges of that product falls within their acquire power, customers are tend to be happy.Good Customer service customers are satisfied if the are given good customer services for the product that they have purchased. Customer should be provided with good service not only at the time of buying a product but also after gross revenue service should be provided as this influences the buyers buying behaviour. Efficiently handling the customers problem.How convenient the buyer is in buying and using the product also influenc es the buying behaviour of the customer.Availability of the product also acts as an influencing factor for the customers buying behaviour. In some cases, if a particular product that the customers buy regularly is not available in the market then the customer may intend to buy the substitute of that product.Attitude of customers toward a particular product and company also influences their buying behaviour. A good attitude will always have a positive effect and a bad attitude will have a negative effect. Individual learns attitude through their personal experience and interaction with other people. Therefore it becomes important for the companies to develop a positive attitude in the minds of the customers by providing excellent quality of service. If the negative attitude is developed within the customers it is difficult to change it.Life style of a customer is also get an influential factor in their buying behaviour. This influencing factor relates to the way we live through the activities we engage in and interests we express.Lifestyle is often determined by how we spend our time and money. A person having a high standard of life will always prefer using a high quality of product specially a brand.Many people respond to what they perceive to be fun, exciting, and hip, and they want to feel valued and recognizedConsumer purchasing decisions are often affected by factors that are outside of their control but have direct or indirect impact on how we live and what we consume.

Economic Analysis of the Wine Industry

Economic Analysis of the drink Indus examineAmar BasnetHuman beings need polar kinds of the materials in order to put out day to day life some may tolerate more importance and some may have the less importance. In current course institution we advise find various kinds of the growth of same kind and same use which is called supplement product. Different product has got different nature which is base on the use, function, based on the gainr. But according to the nature of the production product are divided in 3 groups which are as follows first-string Production Primary production those products which are produce naturally or the products which are wholly based on the nature are called primary production. cultivation production is a best example of the primary production. The grapes apple and other which is produce by the farmer is considered as the raw material for fuddle manufacturing. lower-ranking production If the production serve well is related with the manu facturing than it is considered as the secondary production. For example production of the television, car, electronics items etc is considered as the secondary production. In this production growth assembling process are involved in it. there are various process involved in the drink-colored production like crushing, fragmentation, etc. which are require with the help of machine which is considered as the secondary production.Tertiary production Productions which is related with the helps is called the tertiary production. The examples of the tertiary production are education, health facilities, etc.In recent course of instruction the wine-coloured-colored has become the part of the human life. Drinking the wine is considered as the important ritual of the modern society. In recent world Spain, America France and Italy is considered as the main producer of wine in the world. Spanish wine has got the good reputation in the current wine producing country. The wines are produ ced by using the naturally produced fruits like grapes, apple and orange and with other fruit of the choice of individual. Spain has got important market place in the current wine bloodline world. They are one of the ancient countries in the world which produce wine since ancient period they are producing the different qualities of the wine with the different price level. They have got the 70 region and they have got the huge wine yard they are considered as the third heavy(a)st country in the world in the wine production. there are various places which are famous for the wine production like Valencia, Ribera, Del Duero, Penedes, etc.Distribution behaveThere are 2 kinds of the distribution channel which is found in wine industry are as followsDirect channel According to this channel the producer sell the wine to routineer without whatever agent or retail merchants here there is no involvement of the middleman or agent collect to this price pass on be less or cheap.Long chan nel On the basis of this distribution channel the wine is one produce it is given to distributer for example to the wholesaler then it goes to the retailer store, for example to shop, off-licence and other shop only after that it goes to the customer. On basis of this distribution channel there is involvement of the different channel so the price will be high gear when it reaches to the final customer.Wine production is one of the important creasees in the Spain. In order to produce the wine different processes are involved in the wine production. It has got the historical and cultural value in Spanish society. In order to produce the wine various process are involved in it the process of the wine production are as followsHarvest This is the first step involve in the wine production. Grapes are the main raw material for the wine first it should be crossbred and need to b mixed well the grapes must be harvested at the just now the right time to produce the best wine and many produ cer harvest their crop by hands in order to produce the prime(a) wine. Now a days the professional wineries harvest according to the taste and blazon of grapes.Crushing and pressing This is the second process that is involved in the wine production process once the grapes or the fruits which are the raw material are harvest they are crushed in the machine but in order to make the wine qualitative the seeds and skin are separated this will help to make the quality wine and helps to add up colour in wine.Fragmentation This is considered as another important process in wine production. Once the grapes are crushed and pressed then the succus is extracted and the juice is go badd into the large container in which yeast is added and fragmentation process starts. It will light upon 10 to 30 days on on the basis of the quality of wines the days are determined.Filtering and aging Once the grapes are fragmented the wine are filtered when the solid and yeast has been removed from the wine and it is distributed in the bottle and field of study to be aged. There are various aging processes. It is done on the basis of the age and on the basis of bottle.Wine production has got the various processes. For the winner of the any wine industry raw material superior comment and labour plays the vital role.Raw materialFor the wine industry grapes, apple, orange and different other fruits and berries are considered as the main raw material. In Spain there are much of grapes yard and according to climatic condition grapes are friendly product to grow and form economic point of view the Spanish wine producer they take the grapes as their main raw materials because they are produce in Spain and is cheap. Some of the other raw materials are sugar cane, yeast, pulp, acids and tannins and different minerals.Capital commentCapital refers to the sum of the money invest in the business in order to produce the goods. For the success of the wine business capital input is considered a s the life blood of the business. The fixed assets like machinery, loan from the bank, slant vans and motors, all the tools and equipment etc are considered as the capital input in the wine business. In order to operate the day to day business capital input is very essential without the capital input the wine production cant move forward. Due to this reason we can say that capital input plays vital role in success of the wine industry.Labour requirementFor the any business qualitative manpower is required. In the wine industry as well as qualified and experience labour is required. The quality wine producer can operate day to day business as well as can increase the efficiency in the production of the wine this will help in the production of the quality wine. The wine market has become very competitory in order to compete in the competitive market efficient and qualified labour force is required who has potential, which has capacity to increase the efficiency in the work and req uired those labour force who can understand market situation.For the any business organization toll control and costing process helps to move forward. This is one of the essential factors that help to slant the business successfully. In order to produce goods firm use raw materials, factors of the productions which are called input. The expenditure which is occurred in it is called cost. There are two types of the cost variable cost and fixed cost. The cost which doesnt change with the change quantity output is called fixed cost where as the cost which change with changing output is called variable cost. Fixed cost is normally related with the fixed factor of production where as variable cost is related with variable factor of the production. The example of the fixed cost in the wine industry are wages of the staff, rent, insurance, interest on the fixed capital etc where as the example of the variable cost in the wine industry are wages of the casual labour, expenses of the elect ricity etc. in the Spanish wine company normally the depreciation charge for the machine, salary for the permanent staff, insurance for the company are fixed cost they dont change although they make production high or low. They dont effect of the annual budgeting because once they are determine they will be same for that entire year . the variable cost change with the change with the per unit production. The electricity charge is one of the good example of the wine industry, when the production is high then lots of electricity is used may be during fragmentation process may be during crushing machine is used the more wine we produce more electricity is used so it change with the changing output.Economy of the scale refers to the decrease in unit cost of a product or service resulting from large-scale operations, as in mass production. This concept of the economy helps the any business organization to run long run and helps in the current competitive global market. If the wine produc er can produce the large amount of the wine than they can buy the large amount of the raw materials from the producer if they take in bulk amount then they can get in the cheaper price, once the good and high technology equipment is used the production will high and production cost will be less cod to which large scale of the production is successful this will help the producer the qualitative fat product in cheaper price. The economy of the scale can be achieved by hiring the new technology machine, qualified manpower, by increasing the size of company and machine. This will help in reducing the production cost and helps to increase the output. The economy of the scale is thus achievable in the production by the long run production. In order to achieve the economical of the scale the wine producer should emphasis in the increasing the fix cost and decrease the variable cost. So the wine industry should always emphasis to find the qualified labour force which are well known and ha s experience about wineries, should always try to install the new technology machine which are multipurpose and help to produce the product in the large quantity.Wine has become an important part of the modern society it has got the cultural, historical and religious importance. Spain is considered as one of the best wine producer country in the world which produces the different varieties of the wine at the different price level. It has been exporting its product in the different countries. Nepal is one of the wine companies where Spain is exporting the wine every year in huge quantity. Wine consumption has increased in the last 10 years. Nepal is one of the tourist destinations for the European and American visitors. Large numbers of the hotel, restaurant, pub, resort are there in Nepal, they import lots of wine from the Spain. Spanish red wine and black level are very popular in Nepal and every year large amount of black level and red wine are exported to Nepal in huge quantity. Although there are lots of barriers, Spain wine producer are supply its product in Nepal. The only one way to export the wine to Nepal is the air transport due to the geographical territory. They dont have price of admission to sea there are lots of mountain to reach Nepal so air transport is only one alternative to reach there. To export the goods and product from air is expensive. The export cost is very high because of the high custom duty, tax, vat and the transport cost is very high. Only few wine companies select the Nepal as the market because it is hard to enter in the market. The legal procedure is very hard for the alcoholic product. The rules and regulation is very strict for the wine industry. The custom duty fare is very high and the import and export rules regulation is very strict and hard to follow so only few wine producers they choose Nepal as their target market. Nepal is one of the landlocked countries with big mountain and hills where the climate change is fre quent and the air transport get cancelled oft so summer will be only best time so export the goods. So during the summer large quantity of Spanish wine is exported to Nepal. There are only few authorized retailers of wine of Nepal so it is hard to find the market place and hard to export the product due to this also the supply process is very slow. However the demand of the people is high but due to the climatic condition, due to high transport cost, due to the strict rules and regulation regarding the export and import the supply process is very hard.As a whole we can say that Spanish wine industry has got the large market in the world and considered as the third largest country in producing the wine. The wine industry has got the traditional and historical importance still there are many wine industry which are operate in the same way they used to 20 30 years ago. If they can be modernized and if they adopt modern technology and equipment they can gain the economy of the scale an d helps to direct the company in the path of success so the wine producer should always should emphasis in the division of labour, should always emphasis in modern technology this will help them to produce the qualitative wine and helps to compete in the market easily.

Relationship between Marketing Mix and Consumer Behaviour

Relationship between merchandise Mix and Consumer BehaviourThe primary brain of a marketing mix was introduced by Neil Borden in 1953 while describing the recipe that was needed to function a successful marketing campaign. The idea was then given the 4 Ps in 1960 by E. Jerome McCarthy.Marketing Mix is a combination of elements use in the sale of a specific intersection point. The marketing elements that assume a products mental process are seen in four distinct functions, also called the Four Ps of marketing. They take product, charge, place (of distribution), and promotion. All these functions are considered in the process of think a marketing schema. Any one may be enhanced, deducted, or changed to some degree, depending on the market scenario, in order to create a strategy necessary to sell a product.A brief description of each of the aspects of the marketing mix is explained below.ProductThe physical product/service forwardered to the consumer. Product decisions includ e aspects such(prenominal) as function, appearance, aesthetics, post sale service, product warranty, etc.PromotionPromotion decisions are those related to telling or communicating to the steer client what the product has to offer. The duty involves luring a customer in for the sale and then finally completing the required sale. Promotions teams have a responsibility to selling to a new customer and increase the use of the product to encourage more sales.Since these salutes often over shoot the products price, a break even abridgment must be conducted when qualification promotion decisions. The promotions team decides to which engaging of customers the product needs to be sold. This is also signifi chiffoniert in the cookery of the product cost and the type of promotion that would go into the promotion of the products. Promotion include advertising, public relations, media types, etc.PlaceThis deals with the location or the place where the product is expected to be sold. The pr oduct has to reach the consumers through a series of distributors and retailers. It is associated with the distribution channels which all serve as the marrow for getting the product to the customers who pick it off a shelf or pay for it otherwise. The distribution system performs all the transactional, logistical, and facilitating functions between middle men and retailer which brings them the best deals and the most effective profit. dispersion decisions include market coverage, channel member selection, logistics, and levels of service.Priceprice decisions should take into account to account for profit margins and competitors. Keeping up with competitor pricing and treatment of the product in the market brings in a great deal of strategy to the products life cycle. Pricing includes along with the marked list price, the discounts, financing, and more options such as leasing.The following section will deal with describing the effect of the various aspects and sections of the Mar keting Mix with association with RD(Research and victimisation), Brand Portfolio, Sales military capability and Market Research. refer between Marketing Mix and Consumer BehaviourThe psychological processes that a consumer goes through to recognize his needs and finding ways to fill the gaps formed by these needs, making decisions about a purchase (eg., whether or not to pay for a product and, if they are then, which brand do they want to buy and where), process information, planning and implementation of these plans (eg., by engaging in comparison or window shopping or actually paying for a product).It is often necessary to empathise the customer and his/her regional and cultural influences. Chances of an Indian or a Chinese bargaining at a retail store are high than that of an American customer. This affects the pricing and the promotion through with(p) for the product. Often, the advertisements and the promotion strategy are re-used in different parts of the world on account of the type of customer. This make a difference on spends and proper consumer behaviour can often bring the difference between a successful and an unsuccessful campaign.Decision making by customers include the availability of the product in the region and information that service of processs him/her make the required decision pertaining to the purchase of the product.Let us use a fewer examples to explain the link between the marketing mix and consumer behaviour.The denim and jeans industry which include some internationally recognised brands including Levis, Lee and Pepe understand that within their target range, we include the young crowd. Commonly people up to 30 twelvemonths of age. They, therefore make sure that the campaigns and marketing include a specific mark to pull these customers in. The ads therefore include several(prenominal) young people in harsh surroundings.KFC and McDonalds have learnt that people tend to eat more in glaring coloured surroundings. Therefore, all their outlets usually have bright colours across the walls.A study showed that theThese are only very simple examples of consumer behaviour. Understanding the performance or the process of aligning the 4 Ps as per our customers needs is huge in scope and profitable in practice. necktie between Marketing Mix and Market ResearchMarket Research is the process of gathering data or info in order to better understand the aspects which would affect the performance of a product on the market. We have to understand if a particular move or step is worth the risk. Incorrect or lacking(predicate) market look into often leads to poor performance due a poor understanding.Most companies are founded on the principle of profitability. Goods or services they set aside should aim to be something that the customer needs and the company can benefit from. That is where market research plays it hand at making a decision. Doing that research accurately will determine if your business will flourish or fall flat on its face.The research conducted around a single product includes abstract of the customer during the purchase phase, the reaction to a specific advertisement, the positioning of the product on the shelves of the stores they appear in, the comfort of the customer with the product etc.In a business strategic sense, they are used to collate Market Information (data about competitors and the supply and demand situation), Segmentation (understanding what kinds of customers appeal to what kind of customer reacts to a specific form of promotion based on common criteria), Market Trends (the fluctuation of the market), Risk Analysis, Competitor Analysis etc.Each and everyone of these activities brings the product maker/service provider with the info he/she needs to process and successfully sell the product. This changes the manner in which the product is sold. The price, the positioning, the promotion and the product itself depends on this research.Link between Marketing M ix and RDResearch and Development in a company often implies the need or the drive to improve the product and lay off for a better replacement to make its way into the market. The idea behind research and culture is to maximise the benefits that the consumer gets out of the product. The idea behind research and teaching is to improve the products and possibly charge a premium on the improved product which will increase profitability and allow the company to re-invest in research for a better product or a better variant of the same.The benefits from research are manifold. They include better products and hence a more unwavering customer and possibly new ones. A company which thrives on research like a Pharmaceutical company is normally not considered the best kind of investment for a player in the stock market. This is because of unusual and over the top spending patterns for research which doesnt necessarily return the investment made.Research and development is also to keep on e step ahead of the competitor. To remain at or reach to the top of the table, a company must constantly espouse out with a product thats just better than the competitors product.Pricing is unendingly a major aspect to consider while working the specifics in research. The price of a product depends on the amount of research that goes into its development. The premium charged on a product comes from patents that protect it against duplication. Patents however, are only offered for a unorthodox period. Post that, the product is open to duplication. In this case, the price drops to a minimum, usually to push for maximum sales and to allow a return from plain sales.In promotion , the results of research are often touted in the ads about the same. This comes from Surf Excel and Bournvita ads which talk about extra acting chemicals and extra nutrients respectively to make it a better choice than competitor products.Link between Marketing Mix and Sales ForceThe sales team that drives th e amount of revenue orgasm into the company involves the final point of contact with the customer. This is the point where all the promotions and pricing bring the customer to the final decision making stage. The best salesman is who gets the sale done and the papers signed.It is assumed at times that a large sales force implies the sale of more products. This is not true. A sales force means training. The training involves teaching your sales force selling the product and the nuances associated to the product.This leads to an automatic rise in the spends of the company and very easily reflects on the prices of the products.The size of a sales force depends on the reach of the product in terms of distribution. The type of product also as a major say in the strength of the sales force. Pharmaceuticals have lesser sales force as they cover doctors in mostly urban and sub-urban areas. FMCG sends their sales force all across the country and the world to maximise sales.Link between Mark eting Mix and Brand PortfolioThe brand portfolio is a system used to categorise the products into high-earners, dead-beats and break-evens. The brand portfolio is created for twain analysis of the chivalric and application in the future. The portfolio will contain details about the product that helps the company make decisions about the products future. These include the promotional activities that the product will go through, the price at which we make it available to the customer, the positioning of the product and the condition of the products complete development.The price of a high-earning luxury item can be increased and the smaller items which lose you notes will be the losers which will be either pushed back from promotion or pulled out altogether.The idea behind a brand portfolio is to keep a check or an eye on the products performances.Application of Key Learnings to Reckitt Benckiser in the liquid healthful memberReckitt Benckisers liquid antiseptic is the very popul ar Dettol. Dettol has been a strong contender in the liquid antiseptic industry. It has ruled the roost in the industry for several years and still holds solid ground.Dettol enjoyed over 80% of the market share in its antiseptic form. The soap and the liquid soap formats however, had just about 15% of the industry. The soap and liquid soap formats did not enjoy the same success that the antiseptic did.The demand for Dettol rose from about Rs. 105 billion in 1999 to Rs. one hundred sixty billion in 2009. The demand forecast graph for Dettol over the past 10 years can be seen below.Consumer Behaviour Study of DettolA consumer behaviour study to understand the success of Dettol as an antiseptic brand was conducted to understand the reasons for the popularity of the brand.The study revealed that 85% of the respondents knew about Dettol i.e. they were aware that the product existed. 72% of the respondents used it as a preferred antiseptic. 72% also continue using Dettol because of Brand Loyalty and 56% are open to using other Dettol products.Dettol and Reckitt Benckiser have neer had to worry about the competition so far. The users mostly preferred Dettol to other products.The figure below refers shows the analysis, study and the results of the research conducted.Pricing Strategies surrounding DettolThe Dettol variants have always been competitively priced with the market. The Soap variant was priced at Rs. 16/75mg and Rs.26/125mg. This was priced against the similar Savlon product which was priced at Rs.16 and Rs.24.5 respectively for the two package varieties. Both of the products however, are far higher than the alternate Medimix which was Rs.12 and Rs.17 for the two variants.At this point, a manager would wonder whether or not the right idea would be to work towards the price. Dettol can charge a minor premium on the product price because it holds a certain edge over the existing products. However, Savlon is catching on fast considering its an antiseptic whic h doesnt hurt as much. The manager therefore, tries to make the best of the current scenario and ensure that the competition wouldnt eat into its market share.In liquid soap, Dettol was exactly the same as the Fem variant which both sold as Rs.55/250ml. The market share of the liquid soap for Dettol is very low. A change in the price might even help the return to the market and allow Dettol to take the product ahead.The Shaving Cream division sees Dettol lying between the Old Spices Rs.37.50/70g and Rs.24.50/30g and Palmolives Rs.36/70g and Rs. 19.50/30g.Market Research and Research and Development of DettolReckitt Benckiser and Dettol say Good health begins with hygiene. The Dettol variants were restricted to products which represent hygiene and banked on the very reliable name of Dettol to push the hygiene factor across to the customer. Dettol was dispirited down into the Antibacterial Soap, Liquid Handwash, Shaving Cream and Band-Aid. The marketing team at Dettol looked into wha t could be done to maximise the reach of the Dettol brand and where it could be used conversely to decide what kind of variant would be required and what type of product is needed for the next step. The products all promote killing germs, freshness and strong cleanliness and purity. Dettol has performed extensive research on the expansion plans of their major brand. The Dettol brand took the reach of Dettol to go as far as possible. The reach of Dettol moved from homes and hospitals to hotels, theatres, railways, educational institutes, saloons, drill events.Trend Analysis of Dettol between 2000 and 2004The trend analysis has shows sales numbers on a high. The numbers have constantly been increasing over the past several years. In 2000, the sales numbers were close to 48000. In 2001, the numbers went up to 55000. Uptil 2003 following this, the number remained largely stagnant and then moved to drop down slightly below 54000. However, the year 2004 was a fantastic attack on the ma rket and shot up numbers in a single year in 2004 to 63000.We can tell from the demand forecast table that the demand made for the hygiene industry products kept personnel casualty up. The demand kept going up. Sales number increasing means we need to bump up the sales force. Ideally, the need for a greater sales force comes from the need for more retailers. The more the retailers, means that the reach of the product has increased and there are more people who are willing to buy and to sell. A sales force involves training. The need for greater performance is what keeps a company going. To maximise sales, they have to increase sales force. To increase sales force, they have to spend more money on the hiring, training and keeping the sales force. This automatically leads to greater spending in the event that the product might not do well, thus pitch up the costs of the product.SWOT Analysis of the Reckitt Benckiser Dettol industryBelow we have a brief SWOT analysis of the industry. StrengthsHigh market share of antiseptic liquidBrand loyaltyMost trusted BrandHigh quality at affordable pricesWeaknessesPoor marketing strategies for Dettol Shaving Cream Dettol talcBurning sensation of Antiseptic liquidOpportunitiesDettol Water Purifier due to increase in epidemicsOpportunity to capture the shaving cream segmentThreatsCompetitive PricingAttractive Packaging of competitor productsGood Advertisements by competitors

Industrial Revolution Essay -- essays research papers

How Did The Industrial Revolution Affect A Persons Quality of Life? one and only(a)s caliber of life is defined as the degree of well-being felt by a person or a group of persons. It is implicated with a citizens consumption of goods and services, human rights and the environment. The industrial revolution have produced great wealth to many citizens that influences their state of well being. Others may argue that the changes and advancements in society have brought the burden of scarce resources, diseases and pollution among its people. Rather the opposite is true, the positive effects that the revolution have introduced such as the risque availability of employment, food, and human rights and the opportunity for future growth over originators these problems. Therefore it is accurate to say that the benefits of the industrial revolution have improved ones quality of life.One characteristic that concerns the condition of a persons life is the freedom for an occupation. This period of change have conducted the use of machinery for many types of production. Some conceptualize that the substitution of machines for human labor have created high rates of unemployment for many nations. Before the revolution, jobs were very limited because work was accomplished through animal power and hand labor. Also many tasks required men with considerable skills which could only be accomplished through long hours of work and practice. In the past and in the present it could be clearly seen that the sprouting fa...

Internet Censorship Essays -- essays research papers fc

Censorship of the lucreWe should demand that all public schools and libraries install and configure Internet Filters. This statement shows how Jeffery Pollock, a view for the 3rd Congressional District seat in Oregon, views the Internet. Unfortunately for him, the one thing that he ranted and raved about was the one thing that gave him an unfair disadvantage in the in the upcoming elections. (Blind Ballots) Cyber Patrol, One of the leading Internet criminaliseing companies and is used in over 17,000 schools in the Untied States, actually blocked his website from potential voters. gratis(p) to say, when Mr. Pollock discovered this injustice, some of his views about Internet censorship changed. But Mr. Pollock isnt the only candidate whose chances of winning are diminished because of Internet censoring software. In Fact, The two leading school censoring products Cyber Patrol and N2H2 Bess, used in over 40,000 schools and school districts across the nation, likewise blocked million s of people from viewing Pat Caseys website, Mark Greenes website, and over 37 other candidates campaign homepages. Most of the millions of people blocked from these campaign pages are also blocked from many pages dealing with gynecology, stimulate education, racism, gambling, ethics, teen parenting, and the list continues. (Blind Ballots) Certainly in some situations, censorship of some material can be justified. For example, A first grade teacher takes her students to the computer lab for a day, the teacher wouldnt want the kids getting hounded by hundreds of porn sites, but would it really defend a difference if a six year old kid was using a censored internet or uncensored internet? A kid is not going to be looking for anything that has to do with porn or anything remotely close to getting blocked. If a child goes to Yahoo and searches for cartoons or the mighty morphin power rangers, they will not get pummeled by so called bad internet sites, so there will not be anything to censor anyway.Middle School and High School students across the nation are often required to do research papers and the Internet is a luculent source because it contains so much useful information. It would be much harder for a senior in high school to find information about sex education or sexually transmitted diseases on a censored internet because the current software simply ca... ...th 6person has a greater advantage using a computer with a complete database of information.Works CitedBennett (2000) Blocking Software FAQ. Retrieved November 28, 2000 from the field Wide clear. http//www.peacefire.com/info/blocking-software-faq.htmlBobby Ross (2000) What is Memorial Day?. Retrieved November 25, 2000 from the World Wide Web http//members.aol.com/ceharger/what_is_memorial_day.htmGreg Lindsay (1997) Cybersitter Decides To Take A Time Out. Retrieved November 28, 2000 from the World Wide Web http//www.time.com/time/digital/daily/0,2822,12392,00.htmlHazelton, Bennett and Mcarthy, J amie (2000) Blind Ballots. Retrieved November 26, 2000 from the World Wide Web http//www.peacefire.org/blind-ballots/Linthicum, David S. (1999) Site Building. Computer Shopper Nov. 1999 246.Unknown (1999). Censorship of the Internet. Retrieved November 26, 2000 from the World Wide Web http//www.epic.com/censhpUnknown (1999). How a Bill Becomes a Law. Retrieved November 25, 2000 from the World Wide Web http//www.expage.com/amonroe4993Weckert, crapper and Adeney, Douglas (1997) Computer and Information Ethics Westport, CT Greenwood Press.