Afterlife essays

Afterlife essays At some point in everyones life they experience thoughts about death, whether that theyre positive or negative depends on their outlook on the after life. While some view death as only the beginning of their eternal life others view it as the absolute end. Living in fear of day will not allow one to live peacefully or happily because in reality everyones life eventually ends with death. Throughout the short story, The Death of Ivan Illych, death is personified as something terrible and threatens the main character, while in the poem, Death Not Be Proud the writer seems to be fear free of death. In the short story The Death of Ivan Illych as soon as Ivan recognizes his death he begin nothing but despair and uncertainty. He refused to accept the idea that death would take his life even though he was a unique and different person. The character is completely lost with the idea that death is just going to take away his life. His idea of death would something that he could feel coming so that he would know about it. As much as Ivan tried not to think about his death it seemed to bother him. We can see this clearly when the simile, It was like trying not to think of a toothache, when one in fact, has a toothache is used. The idea of death and the constant worrying about it tired him so much. Then we see the complete opposite in the poem, Death Be Not Proud. The writer seems fearless of death. The writer seems to mock death when he mentions that death is only found with poison, war and sickness. In the poem the use of personification, Death not be proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so, gives the understanding that death is an equal and poses no threat. The writer gives the idea that death is only the beginning of our eternal life. The irony here is that while death is what kills people, in the...

Product Hunt Books A new opportunity for discoverability

Product Hunt Books A new opportunity for discoverability Product Hunt Books: A new opportunity for discoverability? We all know the importance of a book’s â€Å"launch.† That moment when you finally launch your characters into the outside world and put them at the mercy of your readers. That moment when, if you’re publishing digitally, it all becomes about making friends with Amazon’s little elves.Once you’ve let your mailing list, Twitter followers and Facebook fans know about your new book, it becomes time to look for new readers, places and audiences.Product Hunt Books might be one to strongly consider. While famous in the â€Å"tech† space, the Product Hunt website is much lesser-known among authors, and that is where the opportunity lies (as there is less competition!). To let Reedsy readers know more about it, we managed to interview Erik Torenberg, founding team member  of Product Hunt and Product Hunt Books, to tell us more about the platform and how you can use it. We've added our personal Reedsy opinion on the matter in italic right under  hi s answers.You can also check out Reedsy Discovery, our platform that helps indie authors gain reviews and exposure for their books!Interviewing Product Hunt founding team member Erik TorenbergHi Erik, it’s an honor to have you on the Reedsy Blog! For our non-techy readers, could you tell us quickly what Product Hunt is all about?Product Hunt is a place to discover new and undiscovered products - from apps and websites to games and books - and discuss them with other awesome people. It grew from a simple email list to talk about apps and websites into a website where people started â€Å"hunting† not only apps and sites but also books, games, movies, music, etc.More on Product Hunt: Erik’s actually being quite modest. Product Hunt is the leader in tech product discovery. Last time Reedsy was â€Å"hunted† there, we got a massive spike in traffic, and great feedback from early adopters: https://www.producthunt.com/tech/reedsy-2The way it works is: people â€Å"hunt† (submit) products, and the curators select a few that are featured on the landing page. Users can then â€Å"upvote† the products they like most after reading more about them on their product hunt page. The products that get to the top are then selected for Product Hunt’s daily and weekly newsletters.A few months ago, you launched Product Hunt Books. What was the thinking behind it? Why books?We launched books for a few reasons. First, people started hunting books on the main producthunt.com website: Peter Thiel’s Zero to One did very well, Ashlee Vance’s biography of Elon Musk did very well, Eric Ries’ new book did very well, etc.More importantly, I’m a big fan of books! I love to read, and I realized that we had a lot of readers on Product Hunt. I knew Eric Ries had started a book club and that it had gone really well, so I decided to create one as well and a few thousand people joined in just to start.A lot of publisher s and authors are convinced there is a huge â€Å"content discoverability† problem in the book publishing industry. Would you agree with that? Does Product Hunt Books aim at solving it?Yeah, I think there’s a content discoverability problem for books. There are so many books out there but I want to read stuff that has been curated for me by either people who I really respect and follow or by my close friends. So we’re really investing in â€Å"collections† to make that possible: we have a collection by Mark Cuban, Eric Ries, and many more.More on collections: Collections also exist on the general Product Hunt website and work really well. Here’s an example: https://www.producthunt.com/e/tools-for-writers: we get traffic coming from that one on a regular basis.For the future of Product Hunt Books, collections represent a huge opportunity for authors and readers. They offer every reader the opportunity to â€Å"curate† their own list of books, in a much more elegant way then Goodreads. Then, people can â€Å"follow† collections, the same way you would follow a book reviewer or blogger. As Product Hunt becomes less â€Å"tech-oriented† and gathers a more generalistic following, PHB collections could become one of the biggest players in book discoverability.How are the books featured on the Product Hunt Books page selected every day?We’ve got a team of curators who basically see the feed of submitted books and select which books to let through on the landing page every day. Those curators have been vetted by us and are people who’ve been familiar with Product Hunt for a while now.If I’m a reader, how does Product Hunt Books work? Are there any â€Å"perks† to using Product Hunt to find my next book? Do authors offer discounts on Product Hunt?Yes, some authors will do â€Å"exclusives† for Product Hunt: for Neil Strauss we did an exclusive of the first few chapters. Weâ€℠¢ll do other things like that where readers get the first few chapters for free, or exclusive pre-launches.If you’re an author, we’d love to do deals with you to offer something special to Product Hunt readers. Some publishing houses want us to do quizzes and surveys, and we’re keen on doing that. We’re also very open on working with people who are self-publishing and going outside of the traditional route.Some authors have huge followings. Aren’t you worried that they’ll just invite all their existing readers to vote for their book once it’s been â€Å"hunted†?Yes, that can always be a concern, when Ashton Kutcher or Snoop Dogg post something on Product Hunt for example - they have millions of followers. But the Product Hunt community is so big already that most of the time, it’s not going to be enough to move the needle. When Snoop posts something it sometimes goes to the top, but sometimes also doesn’t. Author s don’t have more followers than those guys do, so I’m not super worried about it!Testimonials from authors and publishersOf course, you don’t need to take Erik’s word for it. Here are two testimonials from people whose books have been featured on Product Hunt Books.Reedsy - The Fundraising Field GuideYou might remember we published a book at Reedsy a few months ago. As it was a â€Å"tech† book on fundraising, we thought that Product Hunt Books would be the perfect audience for it. And we were right, we got a nice spike on the day it was featured and over 100 upvotes on the book: producthunt.com/books/fundraising-field-guideWhat now for Product Hunt Books?To sum up, Product Books represents not only an awesome marketing channel for authors who write for a tech-savvy audience. It also presents major new opportunity for the whole book industry if it manages to establish itself as a major player in the â€Å"book discovery† game. We can defin itely see that happening: in terms of user experience and design, and through its â€Å"collections†, it is, in theory, a much better platform for readers than, say, Goodreads. The question is whether it will be able to break out of its â€Å"techy† reputation and go mainstream to touch a wider variety of readers, and genres.In the meantime, if you have a new release and want to see if Product Hunt can be good for you, submit your book here: https://www.producthunt.com/books/new and then trust the little PH elves to make it rise. They’re usually nicer than the Amazon ones.Check out today's hunted book on the Product Hunt Books page!Do you think Product Hunt Books can become a major player in book discovery? Have you had your book featured there? Please leave us your thoughts and experiences in the comments below and join the conversation!

Critique of a nursing theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critique of a nursing theory - Essay Example 19) to a situation where one requires assistance with the end goal of preserving and attaining a specified "health and wellness" (Johnson & Bayliss, 2005, p. 19). Given this definition, it follows that there exist theories on how such knowledge, skills, values, meanings, and experiences should be applied to a given situation. In this vein, there would also be theories on how these factors should be gained and learned. As one of the most celebrated nurses of all time and as the person who singlehandedly popularized nurse training, which eventually led to the establishment of nursing as a new profession for women (Attewell, 1998, p. 151), Florence Nightingale and her early theories on nursing are both fascinating. Hence, I have decided to write a critique on the Florence Nightingale's Environmental Model. The environmental model, it is clear that it was a product of Florence Nightingale's meticulous observation of her career as a nurse and that of others as evidence by the Notes on Nursing (1860) she compiled. This model, together with the notes, is enough proof that the Nightingale of her uniqueness in her time. Though borne by wealthy parents, she was different. According to Mary Garofalo and Elizabeth Fee (2010), She wanted a higher calling; she wanted to work; to use her intellect, her skills, her moral passion; and to make a difference in the world. She refused to be a subordinate to a husband; she was bored with the trivial lives that upper class women led; she had her destiny to fulfill. She told her parents that she wanted to be a nurse. (p. 1588). In spite of the reactions of her parents, she persisted. She wrote that her parents were horrified. "It was as if I had said I wanted to be a kitchen-maid" (Garofalo & Fee, 2010, p. 1588). Instead of submitting to the will of her parents, she persevered and after 9 years of struggling with them, she was eventually was allowed to train. This characteristic is just one of the many that I admire in Florence Nightingale. While I was researching for this paper, I thought to myself that if I only have an ounce of her determination, then I would achieve my dreams and goals easily. The environmental model maintains that the "manipulation of physical and social factors" (Johnson & Bayliss, 2005, p. 121) can significantly affect the state of health of an individual and the probability that such individual will eventually acquire an illness. The intent of the theory therefore is to emphasize that health and wellness can be adversely affected by how one's environment is managed or mismanaged. As Johnson and Bayliss (2005) themselves admit, though this theory was developed by the Nightingale more than 150 years ago, it is still relevant and as a matter of fact has created the standard for the prevention of illnesses and the restoration of health and wellness (p. 121). Specifically, she identified several factors that are present in a patient's environment and which have large impact on health and illness. These are pure or fresh air, pure water, sufficient food supplies, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light (e.g., direct sunlight). What is interesting is that even not knowing these factors and without any knowledge of the environmental m

Success in its contemporary overview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Success in its contemporary overview - Essay Example This involves accomplishment of the set aim and purpose and this is accompanied by a favorable outcome of the relevant underlying action taken. On the other perspective but ascribing to the above assertion is that success is the growth development and the improvement of an individual becoming better than before. In general I can assert that success means for an individual to be able to achieve what he or she has set to do or accomplish. The person whom I consider to be successful is the Barrack Hussein Obama. Barrack Obama is the current president of the United States of America. Barrack Obama being the first black president in the history of America attributes him to being not only a successful politician but also a successful campaigner. The success of president Barrack Obama is greatly attributed to his successful accomplishments he has achieved in USA for the first term he is about to complete. Obama was able to pass the universal health care bill whereby he was able to accomplis h what other presidents like George Bush and Bill Clinton had unsuccessfully tried to pass. Secondly is that Obama successfully prevented the second great economic depression which was looming hat the time he took over leadership from the republican George Bush, he did this successfully by passing the economic stimulus along other innovative policies adopted by the federal governments. Obama has been able to successfully end the war in Iraq by reducing the number of American forces in Iraq. By ending the war the Obama government has been able to do away with the costly and misguided war with no clear purpose and aim. Since the Obama government took over leadership, the president has been able to make a good international image and the perception of USA. He has successfully repaired the bad image by enhancing the relationship with other influential foreign powers across the world. Obama has successfully brought reforms in the United States Judicial system by successfully appointing t wo Supreme Court justices. Also it is notable that Obama has successfully brought financial reforms in the various American industrial sector as well as the educational reforms. With these few notable evidence which attributes Obama being a successful leader and a politician, there are many more which relates to the same. From this it can be asserted that Obama is one of the successful politicians who will be remembered in the American history. In my opinion success cannot be perceived to be spectacular but it is evident in an individual’s life. Therefore whatever goal or objective that one desires is facilitated by the success determinants which are universal in regard to the success of an individual. These determinants are the inner qualities and powers that are required for the achievement. The first one is the individual’s ability to make appropriate decisions quickly in regard to what is supposed to be achieved. Secondly is the strong desire that is required as a driving force towards success. This is complimented by the will power which is the boosting morale in cases of anticipated failures. The level of concentration also matters and this is the individual’s ability to concentrate on the goals and objectives on what is to be done. Another determinant is the set visions which guides and motivates the individuals towards success. Finally regards to self-discipline and persistence where and individual to succeed must have a set of code and ethics that acts as guidance through ought the road to success. The person identified is a CEO of his own company which is has its operations all over the country. The person also owns other investments as shares in numerous profit making companies notably in various sectors of the economy. He defines success as the ability of the individual to

Bayfield Mud Analysis Essay Example for Free

Bayfield Mud Analysis Essay The Bayfield Mud Company has had some problems with their 50-pound bags of treating agents. They sent shipped some bags to Wet-Land Drilling, Inc. that were found to be short-weight by approximately 5%. Wet-Land first did their own study on how many bags were short and by how much. They randomly sampled 50 bags and found the average net weight to be 47.51 pounds. Wet-Land then contacted Bayfield Mud about the situation. Bayfield gave a 5% credit to Wet-Land for the mistakes. Wet-Land was not completely satisfied with the credit because the errors in the weight of the bags could have hurt their operations. Wet-Land informed Bayfield Mud that if something like this happened again, they would take their business elsewhere. Bayfields response to all this was to expand from a one-shift to a two-shift operation. Then, they had to expand to a three-shift operation. The additional night-shift bagging crew consisted of all new employees. The most emphasis was placed on increasing output. It was very likely that only occasionally were bags double checked on their weight. This is where the statistical control has come into place. The problems that Bayfield Mud faces include the possibility of losing a customer in Wet-Land, Inc. Another problem is putting out a product that is not acceptable. This problem could lead to more than just the loss of one customer, but perhaps an even greater amount. Based on the information given in the following charts and numbers, especially the control chart, it is obvious that the bag problem is out of control. Out of the 72 times that samples were taken, 14 were out of control. That is unacceptable for a company who intends on satisfying the customer and maintaining business. Something must be done in this company to correct the problem that has arisen. Some recommendations that I have would be to focus more on the quality rather than the quantity. The managers are so intent on getting the most products, that they are willing to sacrifice the quality. It may be time to have a meeting with all managers to reemphasize that the focus should be on the quality. If the people in the upper positions do not care about the product,  only that they produce a lot of it, then it may be time to think about hiring some employees in those positions that will focus on quality. A recommendation that is not as severe would be to take the time to weigh more, if not every, bag. The company needs to ensure that the bag really does weigh 50 pounds. If they are going to offer a 50 pound product, then make it 50 pounds. It seems that the times that most of the bags are less than 50 pounds are around the nighttime shifts. Also, the times that it seems more bags are over 50 pounds are during the daytime shifts. They need to develop a system to ensure the accuracy of weighing the bags. Whatever they would implement would have to increase quality, while not hurting the output numbers. There is a large demand for their product, so they must be able to meet the demand. Bayfield Mud Company has a lot of improving to do. After looking at the charts and numbers on the following pages it is obvious that something needs to be done. For the samples to be that out of control is very unacceptable. Perhaps Bayfield needs to change their strategy or even do an entire makeover of their management team. Obviously something needs to be done to ensure the success of Bayfield Mud Company.

Physics of Pool :: Sport Sports Billiard Billiards

When most of us go out to play pool we do not realize how much physics effects our game. If we took the time to understand at least the basic physics of pool it might be amazing to what degree we could improve our skills. Most of us already know at least somewhat the general idea of how to play pool well. Below I will give a brief description of how physics plays a part in improving you game of pool. So read on if you care to impress your fellow pool players! -Basic Momentum & Kinetic Energy For the purpose of billiards we will not go into great detail as to what momentum is. Basically though it can be thought of using the following equation; p = mv where p = momentum m = mass of object v = velocity of object Kinetic energy is energy associated with the motion of an object. For basic purposes we can just look at the following equation which relates kinetic energy with mass and velocity of an object. K =  ½mv2 where K = kinetic energy When you strike another ball with the cue ball it is almost a perfect elastic collision. An elastic collision is one in which total kinetic energy as well as total momentum are conserved within the system. This can be shown by the two basic equations; Conservation of Kinetic Energy:  ½m1v1i2 +  ½m2v2i2 =  ½m1v1f2 +  ½m2v2f2 Conservation of Momentum: m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f where m = mass of object v = velocity Since the cue ball has virtually the same mass as the other balls and the velocity of our second ball will always be zero, since we are striking a static ball with the cue ball. In addition this is considered a two- dimensional collision. From this we know that momentum is saved within the y component and within the x component. Therefore in the case of pool we can rewrite these two equations as: Conservation of Kinetic Energy:  ½m1v1i2 =  ½m1v1f2 +  ½m2v2f2 Conservation of Momentum: m1v1i = m1v1f cosà ¸+ m2v2f cosØ 0 = m1v1f sinà ¸ - m2v2f sinØ In this last equation the minus sign comes from the fact after the collision ball two has a y component of velocity in the downward direction from the x-axis. This can be seen in the following diagram. The above diagrams show the initial velocity (both x and y directions) of both balls (Vxi &Vyi) as well as the final velocities (Vxf & Vyf). As we can see Vxi = Vxf (total of red and blue balls) as well as Vyi = Vyf.

Registered Nurse

Researchers routinely choose an ? -level of 0. 05 for testing their hypotheses. What are some experiments for which you might want a lower ? -level (e. g. , 0. 01)? What are some situations in which you might accept a higher level (e. g. , 0. 1)? You are correct when you say that the influence of the media has an affect on the children of â€Å"todays† behavior. There are so many TV shows and movies that protray violence and crime, I think it may lay the foundation for ideas for the kids that do not have a lot of parental supervision. Some of the video and computer games are the worst for violence.Also the way parents punish their children for bad behavior has changed. They do not have the respect for the parents that use to be there. So if they don't respect their parent they are not going to respect another adult. They feel they can get away with almost anything. You would have a great study also. Debbie Great and interesting post, I agree with your statement that an importa nt and good standards are part of every cultures. To respect parents are an important aspect of parent and child relationship. But as you mentioned things have changed in the process of time.There are a lot of factors to consider in this changes i. e. , the environment that we live in, peer groups, and too much exposure to television that shows violent behaviors, and not to mention the lack of time or lack of parental involvement in their children. Substantive Post Yes | No Reply | Quote & Reply | Report Abuse DQ Points Abuse Reports This is a very good post. It would be interesting in itself to see how many teen parents there were 20+ years ago. This would be a very interesting study because these are kids having kids and still have a lot to learn themselves.It would also be interesting to learn how many of the teen parents also had a criminal record. Very interesting. Substantive Post Yes | No Reply | Quote & Reply | Report Abuse DQ Points Abuse Reports Great post and well explain ed. I do agree with you that sending a questionnaire to the parents to gather data is a good idea. Children model adult behavior on television and in real life. And they replicate language they learn online. It is not uncommon to hear foul language spoken by children just learning to talk.That’s because children are systemically connected to everything around them. The world is their learning environment. We are their teachers. Admittedly, there are many roadblocks to reversing the downward trend of civility in today's society. But that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t. In fact, as parents, teachers, politicians, television producers, and others who impact children’s lives, we have a responsibly to do so because studies show that incivility leads to violence and unhealthy communities. Substantive Post Yes | No Reply | Quote & Reply | Report Abuse DQ Points Abuse Reports

Evaluating Selected Human Resource Essay

Purpose – The purpose of this report is to evaluate the actual practices in terms of two themes Decision Making and Use of teams and groups, and find that both of them are useful to be in criticically analyzing and understanding the selected organization Beijing YanJing Brewery Co.,Ltd (YJB). Definition- Decision making and use of teams and groups are both important in organizational management. Decision Making is understood as management’s task par excellence-the bureaucratic cogito (the thinking brain) whose decisions the corporate body should follow (Clegg, Kornberger,Pitsis, 2008, p.286). The organization, which can make efficient and effective decisions can have a major impact on business sustainability and agility. (Metcalfe, 2003). Simultanelouly, according to some scholars, teamwork also plays an important role in ensuring human relations within organizations; that they are productive, cohesive, and aligned with the organizations outcome while also balancing people’s desire for meaning, autonomy, and social relations (Clegg, Kornberger, Pitsis, 2008, p.122). Structure – The report is mainly divided into three sections: 1. Briefly introducing YJB’s background, including: the number and type of employees and numbers and roles of managers. 2. Describing the actual practices of the YJB in terms of the above two themes; 3. By critically analyzing the actual practice, including the positive aspects, as well as negative aspects, the author gives a brief assessment of how useful the two themes can be in critically analyzing and understanding YJB. First, to help find the negative aspects, which need to be improved; Second, to help find the factors that cause these problems. The last is to help find ways to improve. 1 Background The author has worked as a secretary in YJB for the past four years after graduate from the university, where the main tasks include writing reports and documents for the managers. YJB is one of the top 500 lucrative industrial enterprises of China, one of the top 100 breweries. The Corporate Culture is dedication, creation, collaboration and master spirits. At present, it boasts of 29 affiliated companies, including 21 breweries and 8 relevant or attached enterprises ( Li 2007). 1.1.1The Structure of Management It Sets up Shareholders Meeting, Board of Directors and Board of supervisors Meeting. Shareholders Meeting is the company’s highest authority; The Board is the main decision-making Agency; The Board of Supervisors Meeting are directing the above managers. The organization structure is broken down further as follows: * Members of Board: There is one Chairman (Li Fucheng), two Vice Chairman(Zhao Fang and Li Hua) , ten directors, and five independent directors. Li Fucheng is the Chairman of the Board and also the General Manager. * Supervisory Board members: There is one Board of Supervisors President (Zhang Ming ), two Supervisors (Gong Ming and Sun Chao) . * Other Deputy managers: There are Seven Deputy managers.They are responsible for Finance, Infrastructure, Service, Technology, Production, Marketing and Archives Business. The specific roles of the managers see Chart 1. Chart 1: Beijing YanJing Brewery Co., Ltd. Organization and Management 1.1.2 The Structure of Employees YanJing has a total of 29,275 employees, and can be divided into five types: production 17,466, sales 5,203, technique 4,267, finance 497?,administrative staff 1,842?. High school (including technical secondary school) or higher education accounted for approximately 57.8% of the total number of companies. Various types of professionals are with 43% of the total number of workers, production and marketing of first-line account for 80% of the total number of workers. 2 Findings 2.1 Decision Making 2.1.1 Decision-making styles In YJB, centralized decision making is in place, the most important decisions are made at the upper management. In other words, the Parent company’s board has the final decision-making power; the subsidiary managers have no authorization to make the important decisions, such as investment. Thus, they are required to continually submit periodic reports. 2.1.2 Decision-making Levels Company takes Shareholder Meeting, Board of Directors, General Manager hierarchical decision-making system. * Strategic decisions Strategic decisions are decided by the Meeting of Shareholders, which has the highest authority. The strategic decisions are those that affect the general direction of the organization (Davis, D 2004, p.3). In YJB the strategic decisions include those, such as product of market development, investment decisions, etc. * Tactical decisions Tactical decisions are mainly decided by the Board. The examples of tactical decision making in YanJing are those, such as budget allocations, personnel assignments, minor resource commitments, promotional mix decisions, and other short-term internal assignments. * Technical decisions Parts of the technical decisions are decided by the Deputy Managers. Technical decisions are routine in nature and deal with the control of specific tasks ((Davis, D 2004, p.4). This includes quality control, payroll, scheduling, and credit acceptance or rejection. Athough aspects can be decided by the deputy managers, the final decision is controlled by the Board ( General Manager). 2.1.3 Decision-making Process * Problem recognition: The first step, the YJB decision-maker receive the problem from Subsidiary or departments, including production, sales, research and development. The recognition process begins when management acknowledges that some situation exists, or will exist, that needs to be acted upon in the near future. * Information search: An information search is the second major stage. YanJing Company use a combination of technologically sophisticated searches by experts and data collection strategies to help identify and solve problems. * Problem analysis: The Company holds a senior management meeting and invite outside experts to discuss the issues, to ensure the problem is thoroughly analyzed. SWOT Analysis (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities?Threats) are usually used by the company, especially in the investment decisions. * Feasible evaluation. By using project selection models (Meredith & Mantel Jr, 2009, p.42) this allows the Company to make further assessments. The Criterion includes: investment risk, rate of return, consulting costs and acquisition times, etc. * Final decision. Through careful comparative study, from several options, the Board selects the most viable. However, typically, the final decision-making power remains in the hands of the Chairman ( General Manager). 2.2 Use of teams and groups 2.2.1 Rational division of labor YJB Mainly takes three stages to achieve the rational division of labor: * Pre-job training. This stage focuses on theoretical training. As part of the Corporate culture new staff must undertake three months professional training. The once they have pass the final examination, they are eligible for next phase. * Practical tests. After passing the examination, the new staff progress into the operational phase. There is a three-months trial period. Only the new staff who meets job requirements, will ultimately be retained. * Job rotation. Every new staff member in the first year of work period must be tempered to different positions. In YJB, employees are mainly divided into five types: Production, sales, technitical, finance and administrative staff. By rotation. The company can ultimately achieve rational division according to each person expertise. However, the final decision is made by the General Manager Li Fucheng, other managers or low-level personnel have no authority to review, analyze, critique, and recommend courses of action. * 2.2.2 Open discussion. It is usually encouraged that employees actively provide suggestions through various channels, including written reports, direct mail or discussion with the Deputy Managers and any other forms. Moreover, the senior managers frequently come to the production line to listen to staff suggestions and give the feedback on deadlines. To the rationalization proposals, YJB will not only adopt but also give awards to the provider. To some extent this reduces team conflict. 2.2.3 Motivation * Creating motivated work environment: In order to give employees a better working and living environment, the Trade Union usually books the Train tickets for employees to return home. Furthermore, in Women’s Day, the trade union will purchase vouchers or well-being insurance, by which the employees’ belongingness is enhanced. * Performance Award: The employees will be awarded because of high-performance or innovation in the work field. The incentive system includes: bonuses, travel or holidays, etc. * Promotion:It establishes a reasonable promotion system. The staff, regardless of age, qualifications, or who have capacity and outstanding performance, can have the opportunity to be promoted. However, in fact, work experience is considered for promotion more rather than the individual capacity. 2.2.4 Training and development * Top-level training: Company develops and implements a human resources development plan, which includes promoting a number of ability and political integrity of the young top managers into key positions training each year. By doing this, YJB tries to setup a strategic reserve of talent, who understand business, and are good at management. * Low-level training. Staff training is regarded as the core links to improve employees overall quality. YJB invites experts and professors to hold specialized seminars for low-level managers each year; In addition, it organizes technical training for nearly a thousand employees on regular full-time, and selects technicians to advanced countries to study each year. 3 Discussions 3.1 Decision-making Decision Making is important for organization long-term development. Efficient and effective decisions will ensure the company will perform well. Whereas, poor decision making significantly affects company productivity and profit (Sutcliffe & Mcnamaron, 2001, p.357). On the basis of the above analysis, the author learned the following aspects: 3.1.1Positive aspects Generally speaking, YJB takes efficient and effective decisions, which ensure the company’s health and sustainable development. The process of decision-making of YanJing is rational. It is consenus with the rational decision-making model (Robbins, Judge, Millett, Jones, 2010, p.95). As earlier mentioned, YJB’s decision process is broken down into a series of interrelated activities that leads to a choice among alternatives. Apparently, it is actually rational, Open, and transparent. Decision makers in YanJing make judgments that are logical and internally consistent with their goals and preferences. They select the alternative with the highest subjective expected utility, and they follow a systematic process from problem identification to implementation of the selected alternative ( Murray, Poole, Jones, 2006, p.164). In the author’s opinion, that is a main reason to explain why it is only been 30 years that YJB has spent to suppress the development history of other world beer enterprises with 100 years experience. 3.1.2 Negative aspects The power is highly centralized. YJB centralized decision making is in place, most important decisions are made at the top. Subsidiary managers have no authorization to decide the important aspects, regardless of the employees. The reasons to produce this problem may be the Chinese traditional culture impact. Firstly, Culture difference is reflected in values, which in turn affect behavior, including the way in which decisions are made (Albaum, Yu, Wiese, Herche, Evangelista, Murphy, 2010, p.142). In China, Stemming largely from Confucian ethics, these values legitimate paternalism at the levels of family and organization, and patrimonialism at the state level, and provide a moral justification for hierarchy by stressing reciprocal vertical obligations (Child & Warner, 2002, p.30). Secondly, Managerial behavior in modern China has been greatly influenced by political circumstance and the institutional regime. Initially, the PRC managed its labor using a ‘top-down’ model that endured for half a century ( Child & Warner, 2002, p.34-35). The firms tend to operate in a highly centralized manner, in which the entrepreneur-owners tend to maintain their authoritative position through keeping tight control in information and decision making. However, such centralized decision making can stifle the creativity, and flexibility needed by the subsidiary (Luthans, & Davis, 1991, p.179). For example, in domestic situations, with the competition increasing, if the top managers do not decentralize authority and give the local managers greater decision-making power, this will increase the time needed in responding to competitive threats. 3.2 Use of teams and groups Teamwork is the fuel that allows common people to attain uncommon results (Shelton et al., 2010, pp93-114). Effective and proper using of teams and groups will produce positive and satisfactory results (Gilley & Kerno, 2010, pp46-60). Learning from the above analysis, the author found the following aspects: 3.2.1 Positive aspects The YanJing team is united and highly-efficient. The employees worked in YanJing are full of collaboration and master spirits. As management scholars have stated: teams and groups can be the most rewarding ways of doing things. But at the other times teamwork can be frustrating, riddled with conflict and even counterproductive (Clegg, Kornberger, Pitsis, 2008, p.122). However, by taking some useful measures, which include Rational division of labor, Open discussion, Motivation and Training, YJB successfully reduces, even avoids groupthink, social loafing to create. These ways not only promote enterprise development which plays a certain role, it also greatly enhances employee sense of ownership. Moreover, it creates a warm, homelike atmosphere, establishes a high-performance working teams and forms a good corporate culture. This explains why YanJing will get success. 3.2.2 Negative aspects Although, the way of using teams and groups is worthy to be recognized in YJB, there are still some insufficient aspects, such as â€Å"Lack of empowerment†, which needs to be improved for its long-term development. Empowerment means helping to develop in others a sense of self-efficacy, self-determinism, personal control, meaning and trust (Carlopio & Andrewartha, 2008, p.428). To empower means to enable. It means to help people develop a sense of self-efficacy, or to feel successful or effective at a particular task (Geller, 2003). Accordingly, empowered employees are more productive, psychologically and physically healthy, proactive and innovative. They are higher morale and commitment than employees who are not empowered. While, without empowered, employees, organizations cannot adapt, survive or succeed in the long run. However, there is less empowerment in YJB. The reason may also be connected with the different culture impact. Chinese culture has on a high level power distance (Jaw, Ling, Wang, Chang, 2006, p.128). Because of relatively high degree of rights, and there more strict hierarchy this distance between the powers of all levels is large, which the author have mentioned in Assignment 1. A large ‘power distance’ tends to be maintained between top managers and other members of the organization, with relatively little delegation of authority and a strong emphasis on vertical links within hierarchies (Child, J & Warner, M 2002, p.35). 4. Conclusion In summary, after evaluating the practices in above two themes Decision Making and Use of teams and groups, it is found that both of them are useful to be in criticically analyzing and understanding the selected organization YJB. The two themes can help one understand the following three aspects: * Finding the organization management deficiencies, which aspects need to be improved. * Understanding the corporate culture and know that what factors that cause these problems. * Understanding the style of the organization management and whether it is suitable if considering the long term benefits to the company. If not, how to improve. 5 Recommendations & Implementation Taking above analysis into consideration, the findings and discussion in this report support the following recommendations: * YJB should combine both centralized and decentralized decision making, a model like Japan (Luthans,F & Davis, k 1991, p.178). Top management still exercises a great deal of authority over what will be examined at the lower levels. However, working within this framework, lower level personnel have authority to review, analyze, critique, and recommend courses of action. The final decisions are made at the top level after elaborate examination of the proposal through successively higher levels in the management hierarchy, and results in acceptance or rejection of a decision only through consensus at echelon of the management structure. * Within a reasonable range, it should give employees sufficient empowerment and delegation. For example, Managers can by breaking apart large tasks and giving employees only one part at a time. The manager watches for small successes achieved and then highlights and cilebrates achievements (French, Maule, Papamichail, 2009, p.410). Finally, the employees can generate a sense of movement, progress and success. Reference Albaum, G, Yu, J, Wiese, N, Herche, J, Evangelista, F, Murphy, B 2010, ‘Culture-Based Values and Management Style of Marketing Decision Makers in Six Western Pacific Rim Countries’, Journal of Global Marketing, vol.23, no.2, pp.139-151. Carlopio, J & Andrewartha, G 2008, Developing Management Skills: A Comprehensive Guide For Leaders, PEARSON, Australia. Child, J & Warner, M 2002, ‘Culture and Management in China’, in M Warner (ed.), Culture and Management in Asia, Routledge, Britain. Clegg, S, Kornberger, M,Pitsis, T 2008, Managing & Organizations, SAGE,London. Davis, D 2004, Business research for decision making, 6thedn, South-Western College, USA. French, S, Maule, J, Papamichail, N 2009, Decision Behavior: Analysis and Support, CAMBRIDGE, New York. Geller, E 2003, ‘People-based safety’, Professional Safety, vol.48, no.12, pp.33 Gilley, A & Kerno Jr., SJ 2010, ‘Groups, Teams, and Communities of Practice: A Comparison’, Advances in Developing Human Resources, vol.12, no.1, pp.46-60 Jaw, BS, Ling, YH, Wang , YP, Chang, ‘WC 2006†², The impact of culture on Chinese employees’ work values, pp128-144. Li, FC, 2007, A Brief Introduction of YanJing Beer group, accessed 30/07/10 http:// yanjing.com.cn Luthans, F & Davis, k (ed.) 1991, International Management, McGraw-Hill, USA. Meredith, JR & Mantel Jr, SJ 2009, Project management, 7thedn, Wiley & Sons, USA. Metcalfe, D 2003, Enterprise Visibility Makes Decisions Profitable, Cambridge, MA, Forrester Research. Murray, P, Poole, D, Jones, G 2006, Contemporary Issues in Management and Organizational Behavior, THOMSON, Australia. Robbins, SP, Judge, TA, Millett, B, Jones, M 2010, OB The Essentials, PEARSON, Australia. Shelton, P, Alina, M & Makela, C2010, ‘Highly effective teams: A relational analysis of group potency and perceived organizational support’, Advances in developing human resources, vol.12, pp.93-114 Sutcliffe, KM, G Mcnamara 2001, ‘controlling decision-making practice in organization’, Organization Science, vol.12, no.4, pp.484-501. Appendix: The history of corporation( YJB) : The YJB was established in 1993, but early in 1980 its brewery was founded. It elaborately creates its corporate culture by a long-term cultivation of the spirits of â€Å"being whole heartedly dedicated to work, starting an undertaking through hard labor, struggling against formidable tasks, working with the overall situation in mind in tandem with the colleagues, and sharing the worries of the enterprise as the enterprise owner†. At present, it possesses tangible assets valued at 10.7 billion RMB Yuan and the capacity of the annual beer production has surpassed 3 million kiloliters. Which makes it rank at the first place in the output and production of beer nationally, and this position has been kept till today. In the course of 30 years’ development, YanJing has taken the road of development by inner expanded and insisted on annual technology reconstruction. There is progress every year. And the development has undergone four stages: 1980-1988: complete the transformation from a small-scale brewery to a large-scale brewery; 1989-1993: complete the transformation to a large-scale brewery; 1994-1998: complete the transformation to a large-scale beer enterprise group; 1999 to now: increase over 300,000 tons each year; complete the transformation from a regional enterprise and brand in Beijing to a nationwide large-scale enterprise and nation-famous brand. It is only 30 years that YJB has spent to suppress the development history of other world beer enterprises with 100 year!

Analyse how Robert Zemeckis builds up tension and suspense in the time travel scene in Back To The Future Essays

Analyse how Robert Zemeckis builds up tension and suspense in the time travel scene in Back To The Future Essays Analyse how Robert Zemeckis builds up tension and suspense in the time travel scene in Back To The Future Paper Analyse how Robert Zemeckis builds up tension and suspense in the time travel scene in Back To The Future Paper Essay Topic: Film The director of back to the future, Robert zemeckis creates the feeling of tension and excitement brilliantly, especially as it is of the science fiction genre. Such things as camera angles, lighting, music, diagetic sound and setting are the wide range of media effects used to build up tension and excitement. Zemeckiss purpose throughout the film, but especially in the scene where the time travel takes place, is to capture the audiences attention by controlling their emotions and feelings towards both characters and what is happening in the film. The film Back to the Future is of a science fiction genre. The genre of a film is what type or sort of film it is, there are plenty of different type of genres ranging from horror and thriller to comedy and romance. A film genre is defined by what it is about, like a comedy would be a film that has plenty of jokes and makes you laugh. A horror would be a film that may involve a thickening plot, gory scenes and mystery. A film that has a science fiction genre tends to follow a certain trend, they all involve a hero (Doc), villain/bully (Biff), helper/assistant (Marty), a scientific idea (the car/ taking people to the future), quest (taking Marty back to the future), twists (Marty and his mum) and suspense (lightning striking and car engine failure). Throughout the film a number of different camera angles are used, this enables the director to portray the scene, characters emotions both physically and mentally and create excitement and suspense brilliantly. The time travel scene/final scene starts off with a low-angle establishing shot towards the clock this shows how powerful the clock is to the storyline and sets the scene. During this scene the camera often shifts upwards to show the storm, this creates even more excitement. High angled shots are used these make the characters look diminutive and that nature is more powerful than man. Close ups are used very often, when Marty cant start the car a close up is used on Martys face because it is trying to make the viewer think what is going on inside Martys mind. When the car does finally start you get an objective shot from the windscreen to show the relief on Martys face. When Doc slips a low angle shot looks up at him showing his vulnerability, then a close up is seen as it enables you to see that he is just hanging in mid-air and that you can see that the Doc is thinking. The director also cuts form one shot to the next very quickly this creates the atmosphere and shows the panic on the docs face and in his actions. The surrounding is also set better this way I feel. Every time the clock strikes another minute you get a shot of the clock as it makes you more aware that time is running out for them. The scene ends with a pan shot of what is left, the Doc and small blaze from where the car tyres were, this signifies by having a pan shot that the commotion is over. During the scene the lighting is very gloomy this is to portray the fact that a storm is brewing and it creates more excitement and suspense if there is dark lighting and occasional flashes of bright light. You can also sense a moody feeling being created by the lighting this shows the pressure and nervousness the characters must be feeling. When the Doc is in front of the clock, when he has just slipped the lighting is used to show a silhouette of him on the clock face this is a piece of lighting brilliance. A contrast of light/dark is seen throughout, this adds to the atmosphere. When the lightning strikes the whole scene becomes bright and still has big bursts of light. The bursts of light are when the lightning hits the clock, when the Doc pushes the two cables together and when the pole hits the cable and Marty goes back. Music plays an important role in catching the audiences attention and in the building and making of suspense. The music can be used to change a persons mood, either making them more excited or calming them down with a dramatic or a suspense moment. All the way through the film there is some sort of background noise. This varies from orchestral to the clock ticking. The orchestral music has many a different types of instruments involved. All these instruments together create a fuller sound, adding to the excitement already built. The music in this scene is very tense and scurrying like and in some parts very fast, and also tends to speed up when something dramatic has happened thus emphasising that time is running out. At the very end of the scene once Marty has been sent Back to the Future, there is immediate silence, this acts as a complete contrast between the previous frantic ambiences. The silence is then followed by a single brass instrument playing the same military tune as before. The fact that there is now only one solitary instrument playing emphasises that Doc is now on his own. As the camera pans out the empty scene, a radio plays a tune current to the time, this shows that normality has returned. The sounds used in the film are the clock ticking, clock bell ringing and both human voices of Marty and Doc can also be heard. The diagetic sounds create added excitement and worry, when the bell rings it interrupts a crucial moment and worries the audience. The ticking of the clock is significant because its shows that time is passing by, therefore they dont have much time left, this makes the audience uncomfortable as they are worried. The two main characters of Marty and Doc are used brilliantly to get the audience excited and also maintain the audiences enthusiasm in the film, as it is never a dull moment in the film because you dont know what each character is going to do next. The two characters are very different from each other. The Doc is a desperate yet brave, eccentric, quick-thinking, persistent character. He will do anything to make his invention work. Marty however is powerless, very trusting towards the mad Doc and also a typical teenager as he has bad time keeping and bad luck through out. The Doc is dressed smartly and like a typical scientist this makes you take him seriously, but you soon find out hes as mad as a hatter. Marty is dressed like a typical teenager, jeans etc as he is a teenager the things he does are normal. The setting of this scene is in and around the clock tower, this is important as it signifies the importance of the clock in the film because it makes the clock the main attraction/centre piece. By having the clock in this scene it shows that time has been a major effect on the outcome of the film, their lives and others around them. It shows the film to be about past/present and future. As this scene also evolves around lightning (it being struck at a particular moment), its a dangerous thing to happen because they are trying to control it, this makes it even more unpredictable. The atmosphere is created even more as at every minute you get a shot of the clock this symbolises that time is running out. During the scene there is a lot of bad luck, as nothing seems to go right, Martys late, tree falling, car not starting and Doc slipping are examples of the misfortunes that occur. Marty is wearing 1980s style cool clothes i.e. body warmer, the audience now identifies that Marty is a helpless and typical unknowing teenager. The lighting during the scene is dismal very bleak and mainly dark, this helps the scene to become more unpredictable and filled with panic and excitement. The high angle shots show throughout that nature is the over-powering effect in this scene. The mise-en-scene is the overall style of an extract, film in this case. It is what the director is trying to achieve and the ways he achieves these things. The variety of media effects used throughout this film by Zemeckis makes the film more exciting and creates more tension. The constant orchestral sounds in the background speed up when a scene is getting more exciting or when something has gone wrong, this adds to the audiences emotions. Likewise when a frantic bit has finished a bang or quick flash of light signifies that this bit of commotion is over. The ranges of camera angles enable us to see the surroundings, the clock, the actions of each character and the emotions of each character. Close ups are used to show emotions on faces, pan shots are sued to show surroundings and high-angle, low-angle and long shots show what the characters are up to. Without all these different and brilliantly planed media effects Back To The Future would not of been the success that it was.

Max Born and the Discovery of the Born Rule

Max Born and the Discovery of the Born Rule Max Born (December 11, 1882–January 5, 1970) was a German physicist who played an important role in the development of quantum mechanics. He is known for the â€Å"Born rule,† which provided a statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics and enabled researchers in the field to predict results with specific probabilities. Born won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for his fundamental contributions to quantum mechanics. Fast Facts: Max Born Occupation: PhysicistKnown For: Discovery of the Born rule, a statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics.Born: December 11, 1882 in Breslau, PolandDied: January 5, 1970 in Gà ¶ttingen, GermanySpouse: Hedwig EhrenbergChildren: Irene, Margarethe, GustavFun Fact: The singer and actress Olivia Newton-John, who starred in the 1978 musical film Grease with John Travolta, is the granddaughter of Max Born. Early Life Max Born was born on December 11, 1882 in Breslau (now Wroclaw) Poland. His parents were Gustav Born, an embryologist at the University of Breslau, and Margarete (Gretchen) Kaufmann, whose family worked in textiles. Born had a younger sister named Kthe. At a young age, Born attended school at the Kà ¶nig Wilhelms Gymnasium in Breslau, studying Latin, Greek, German, history, languages, math, and physics. There, Born may have been inspired by his math teacher, Dr. Maschke, who showed the students how wireless telegraphy worked. Born’s parents died at an early age: his mother when Born was 4, and his father shortly before Born finished school at the Gymnasium. College and Early Career Afterwards, Born took courses on a variety of science, philosophy, logic, and math subjects at Breslau University from 1901–1902, following his father’s advice to not specialize in a subject too soon at college. He also attended the Universities of Heidelberg, Zà ¼rich, and Gà ¶ttingen. Peers at Breslau University had told Born about three mathematics professors at Gà ¶ttingen – Felix Klein, David Hilbert, and Hermann Minkowski. Born went out of favor with Klein due to his irregular attendance at classes, though he subsequently impressed Klein by solving a problem on elastic stability at a seminar without reading the literature. Klein then invited Born to enter a university prize competition with the same problem in mind. Born, however, did not initially take part, offending Klein again. Born changed his mind and later entered, winning the University of Breslau’s Philosophy Faculty Prize for his work on elasticity and obtaining a PhD in mathematics on the subject in 1906 under his doctoral advisor Carl Runge. Born subsequently went to Cambridge University for about six months, attending lectures by J. J. Thomson and Joseph Larmor. He went back to Gà ¶ttingen to collaborate with the mathematician Hermann Minkowski, who died after a few weeks due to an operation for appendicitis. In 1915, Born was offered a professor position at the University of Berlin. However, the opportunity coincided with the beginning of World War I. Born joined the German air force and worked on sound ranging. In 1919, after World War I, Born became a professor at the University of Frankfurt-am-Main. Discoveries in Quantum Mechanics In 1921, Born returned to the University of Gà ¶ttingen as a professor, a post he held for 12 years. At Gà ¶ttingen, Born worked on the thermodynamics of crystals, then became primarily interested in quantum mechanics. He collaborated with Wolfgang Pauli, Werner Heisenberg, and a number of other physicists who would also make groundbreaking advances in quantum mechanics. These contributions would help lay out the foundation of quantum mechanics, particularly its mathematical treatment. Born saw that some of Heisenberg’s calculus was equivalent to matrix algebra, a formalism that is used extensively in quantum mechanics today. Furthermore, Born considered the interpretation of Schrà ¶dinger’s wavefunction, an important equation for quantum mechanics, which had been discovered in 1926. Though Schrà ¶dinger had provided a way to describe how the wavefunction describing a system changed over time, it was unclear exactly what the wavefunction corresponded to. Born concluded that the square of the wavefunction could be interpreted as a probability distribution that would predict the result given by a quantum mechanical system when it was measured. Though Born first applied this discovery, now known as the Born rule, to help explain how waves scattered, it was later applied to many other phenomena. Born was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on quantum mechanics, with particular emphasis on the Born rule. In 1933, Born was forced to emigrate due to the rise of the Nazi party, which caused his professorship to be suspended. He became a lecturer at Cambridge University, where he worked with Infeld on electrodynamics. From 1935–1936, he stayed in Bangalore, India at the Indian Institute of Science and worked with Sir C.V. Raman, a researcher who won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1936, Born became a professor of natural philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, staying there for 17 years until his retirement in 1953. Awards and Honors Born won a number of awards during his lifetime, including: 1939 – Fellowship of the Royal Society1945 – Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize, from the Royal Society of Edinburgh1948 – Max Planck Medal, from the German Physical Society1950 – Hughes Medal, from the Royal Society of London1954 – Nobel Prize in Physics1959 – Grand Cross of Merit with Star of the Order of Merit, from the German Federal Republic Born was also made an honorary member of several academies, including the Russian, Indian, and Royal Irish academies. After Born’s death, the German Physical Society and the British Institute of Physics created the Max Born Prize, which is awarded annually. Death and Legacy After retiring, Born settled in Bad Pyrmont, a spa resort near Gà ¶ttingen. He died on January 5, 1970 at a hospital in Gà ¶ttingen. He was 87 years old. Born’s statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics was groundbreaking. Thanks to Born’s discovery, researchers can predict the result of a measurement performed on a quantum mechanical system. Today, the Born rule is considered one of the key principles of quantum mechanics. Sources Kemmer, N., and Schlapp, R. â€Å"Max Born, 1882-1970.†Landsman, N.P. â€Å"The Born Rule and Its Interpretation.†O’Connor, J.J., and Robertson, E.F. â€Å"Max Born.†

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 9

Financial Management - Essay Example need to have a clear and well planned budget, monitoring the performance and taking action whenever needed, focus should be placed on essential numbers like salaries, materials and also sales. A keen eye on these aspects of the financial management will lead to the better financial management in large companies (Brodie, 2009). Choice of a determining the optimal mix of components of the capital structure is a very complex process and involves a number of different considerations. A number of different views of the capital structures need to be considered like the net corporate or personal tax, agency costs, bankruptcy cost and pecking order. There are a few components which build a company’s capital, these are: Ordinary shares, preference shares, debentures, and loan stock. Deciding the optimal mix is based on finding the right mix of long term funds which allow minimizing the cost of capital and helping maximize the value of the organization. This situation is referred to as the optimal capital structure. However, it is a known fact that gaining an optimal capital structure is not possible since, the changing of the mox of capital does not change the values. A company can be financed by a number of different modes. The type of capital financing that has been chosen for the company is referred to as the capital structure of the company. A company can be financed using debentures, equity shares, long term loans, etc. These options however are based on the nature of risk the investors are willing to take. The following sections will discuss the various financing options that are available for investors to finance their companies and the factors that affect the choice have also been discussed. a) Equity Financing: This is the most common mode of financing used by companies. Here companies raise monies for the business by selling stocks of the company. These can either be

Market Segmentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Market Segmentation - Essay Example Backpackers are people who travel with very limited budgets. They do not carry any fancy gadgets neither they have any kind of equipment with them. The people who go backpacking are usually those who are looking for the experience of the real world, they want to experience the world in the raw form. Nearly all the students who go for travelling for the first time are backpackers as backpacking is not expensive or difficult on the pockets. Backpackers usually prefer to walk or other wise use public transport to travel. Many countries do not prefer backpackers as they associate them with hippies, and therefore they feel that the backpackers would create an environment that would not be preferable by the tourists visiting their countries (Weaver, 2005). Flash packers are travelers who are well equipped and have affluence. Such kinds of travelers face no issues with regards to money and therefore they are equipped with all the luxurious goods and technologically advanced gadgets. Though they also travel independently like the back packers but unlike backpackers they stay at good hotels and enjoy everything without caring about the money. They are also known as posh packers. Unlike backpackers they are not travelling on any limited budget and hence have access to a lot of facilities that backpackers cannot afford. Many countries are not very welcome towards the influx of backpackers, but they prefer that the flash packers are attracted towards them as they know that these travellers are not short on money and would prefer only independence while they are travelling. Countries like India offer a lot of facilities and individual touring opportunities to such travellers who mostly arrive from European countries. Flash packers also use p roper means of transportation like taxis (Weaver, 2005). Gap packing is term that can be used for backpackers as well as flash packers. It is a term that is